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[music]

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North Carolina

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 is a mirror image of the past.

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Tryon Palace standing again 
as it did in 1770.

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Once the residence of a royal governor,
 William Tryon,

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 and seat of government for Colonial
 North Carolina.

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A palace known as the most beautiful
 building in Colonial America.

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[music]

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Then it fell in decay and later burned,

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 almost totally destroyed.

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Now renewed, it stands complete

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 as in the days of its first splendor

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and welcomes thousands
of visitors every year.

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[music]

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This house expresses the style

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 and taste of the 18th century.

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 In the entrance hall 
four marble sculptures.

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Each represents one of the continents.

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America is pictured as an Indian maiden.

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[music]

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Now coming into the library

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 you'll notice the portrait 
of a young man.

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This is said to be the earliest
 Gainsborough

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 painting in the United States.

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Governor Tryon's library held 
several hundred books.

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He was a well read man.

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We know what books he had 
from household inventories.

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And almost all of the titles have

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 been replaced in contemporary editions.

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Tryon was a cultivated man,

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an Englishman among Colonial Americans.

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He enjoyed his pleasures and his
 privileges in this fine house.

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He built it to impress the colony

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with the dignity of the crown he represented.

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[music]

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We know Tryon was fond of chess

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 and played with his 
secretary, Isaac Edwards,

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 who doubtless hoped to skin his superior.

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[music]

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The painting that forms the upper half

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of this splendid mirror

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depicts a fanciful city of China.

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This sofa is Chippendale

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 with its original needlework.

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There are many pieces in the palace 
that show the 18th century's

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new found interest in the Orient.

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The alcove room, all a delicate pale blue,

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is a luxurious guest room.

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It also boasts the only closet

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 to be found in the palace.

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Closets were very rare 
in colonial houses.

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[music]

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The beauty of baroque

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 in gilt and brocade.

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[music]

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The portraits depict 
royal ladies of the time

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like Queen Charlotte with 
the small prince of Wales.

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Everywhere rare materials 
and workmanship,

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 imported articles brought 
from all the world.

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This is the taste of privileged and
 wealthy people

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far removed from the rough

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 colonists of early Carolina.

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[music]

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How did the palace come to be here?

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In early years,

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the small colonial towns disputed bitterly,

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 which should be the capital.

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Tryon favored New Bern - 

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well located on the 
Neuse and Trent Rivers.

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He built the palace 
costly and elaborate for its time

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to clinch the argument

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 and settle the capital firmly at
New Bern.

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[music]

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Fine china,

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 inlaid woods,

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the grace of Chippendale.

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[music]

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Again, the fanciful depicting of the East - 

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 ornate, delicate, and imaginary.

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[music]

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 In the dressing room of the 
lady of the house, a rare work of art.

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A gold silk screen from the authentic Orient 
from 18th century Japan.

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It's thought to be a picture of the
 ancient city of Kyoto.

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Treasures that reflect the taste

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and fancies of privileged gentlefolk.

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[music]

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The governor, his family, and guests

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 dined in this stately room 
facing the River Trent.

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[music]

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The swamps and pines

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 were close at hand.

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The little town with its 
troublesome settlers

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 and rude frontier politics

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just outside the door,

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but here were the paintings,

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marbles, glass, and silver

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of a graceful, cultivated Europe.

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[music]

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And here, the council chamber.

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The primary office of state for Colonial
 North Carolina,

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serving also as a ballroom 
of handsome proportions.

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[music]

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The Hanoverian kings look down

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 remotely on the business of
their colony.

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Often this business was 
turbulent and vexed.

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The western part of the colony was
 becoming restive,

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 fractious, independent minded.

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This was the eve of the 
American Revolution.

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The last moment when British rule would
 dictate laws and taxes.

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Governor Tryon took active interest in
 the colony's prosperity,

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but as an Englishman

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his first and last loyalty

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was not to the colonists

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but to the crown.

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While the palace was a
building of state,

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 it was also a home

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with the pleasures and distractions
of a busy household.

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[music]

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A place where friends could gather

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 for the sociable drinking of tea.

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The institution of tea and coffee
 drinking was

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 unshakable in the 18th century.

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To embellish the genteel ritual

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 of tea drinking

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many elegant articles for the home

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 were specially designed.

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[music]

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Tryon's lady and her daughter Margaret

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 were frequently hostesses
 at palace tea parties.

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Margaret Tryon was only nine years old

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when the family entered their
 fine home by the river.

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Her mother was a cultivated lady - 

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 fond of music,

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 meeting and singing with the Moravian
 colony of old Salem

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during a visit to the Western
 back country.

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[music]

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 The child of nine in a strange land

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thinly settled was surely much alone.

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[music]

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Some ladies wrote about her. 

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"This poor thing is stuck up in a chair all day.

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Nor dare she even to taste tea

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fruit cake or any little trifle

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 offered her by company."

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Margaret, with her precious toys and books

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must, like all children, have taken

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 refuge in her own
 imaginings and fancies

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 Her own little world of dreams.

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[music]

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And this is the governor's bedroom.

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Very dignified and handsome, as
 befits the occupant.

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The 18th century French bedspread is truly

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 notable for the artistry of its [?] work.

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Even after two hundred years

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 the richness of design is undimmed.

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The colors have kept all their depth and
 brilliance.

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[music]

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The room displays the usual appointments

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 of a man of fashion.

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They give the visitor a sense
 of the time long ago

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when the world of gentlemen was a strange

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 mixture of refinement one one hand,

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with a good deal of rough

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 living danger and adventure

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on the other.

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[music]

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 It brings the sense of
 adventure close to us.

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 Not quite close enough for some.

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The father of Governor Tryon was a
 well-born English gentleman

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within the state in Northamptonshire.

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The governor's own taste in 
houses was shaped,

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 no doubt, by the fine houses of his
family connections.

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Balance, formalism,

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the classic spirit set the tone 
for 18th century taste.

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[music]

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Paintings at Tryon Palace

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mirror this sense of form and elegance.

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So indeed, does the palace itself.

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The east wing of the palace

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 has the kitchen, laundry, 
secretary's office,

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and some guest rooms.

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The original flooring has been

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 reproduced in the great colonial kitchen.

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The kitchen wing was often separate from
 the main house in Colonial times.

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Cooking went on constantly.

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The palace kitchen shows us how ingenious

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 appliances could be in
 the days before electricity.

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The spit jack, forerunner of the rotisserie,

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roasted meat very efficiently.

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Palace food was roasted,
 baked, or broiled, seldom fried.

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 A gingerbread mold carved
 with the alphabet

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 could teach a child his letters as he ate.

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[music]

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Herbs from the garden
used for cooking and for medicines.

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There were porous gourds

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 to use as dishrags,

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 the butcher's broom to brush the

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 cooking boards never lost its stiffness

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or its leaves.

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 Many intriguing labor saving implements

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 and vessels from dove roasters to waffle irons.

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[music]

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 Long ago, when recipes 
were on a grander scale

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ingredients were
mostly measured by weight.

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Otherwise, why weigh eggs?

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[music]

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[overlapping voices]

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 Next door, a place of real hard toil - 

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the laundry room.

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Laundry at the palace wasn't done often,

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but it took several days in the doing.

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 The laundry tubs and vessels 
were on a heroic scale,

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like the size of the job itself.

[00:14:43.029] 
[music]

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It took a host of maidservants

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 to keep the household in order.

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Washing, sewing, pressing, and pleating

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 to maintain the fine fabrics,

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laces, and ruffles of the gentlefolk.

[00:15:07.080] 
[music]

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Endless hot coals, hot water, and

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footsore drudgery went to support

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 the airs and graces of the time.

[00:15:33.571] 
[nature sounds]

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[music]

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The flowering trees of 
Carolina must have been

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wondrous to a child lately
 come from cool and misty England.

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Records of a garden are scant,

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 but we can guess that the Tryon family,

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with their love of well-ordered estates

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and park lands, would have cleared and
 ordered the swampy shores

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along the River Trent.

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Nearby were pine forests,

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 the scattered farms of colonists.

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Here was an island of protected beauty.

[00:16:46.440] 
[music]

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The revolution came.

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North Carolina's capital shifted
 westward to Raleigh.

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The palace decayed.

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In 1798, the main building 
burned to the ground.

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Today, Mr. and Mrs. John Kellenberger 

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have completed a remarkable
 work of restoration.

[00:17:26.200] 
The palace commission has rebuilt
Tryon's palace

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according to original plans and records.

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Prime mover in this imaginative effort

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 was Mrs. Maude Moore Latham,
Mother of Mrs. Kellenberger.


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 Her gifts and bequests,

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 with help from the state government, 
made possible

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 the three and a half million dollar restoration.

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A work of vision, devotion, and joy

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so that North Carolinians

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 might know of their heritage.

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Every object in Tryon Palace

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 mirrors the daily round, the homely

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 detail of 18th century life.

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A man's hat box,

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 items for kitchen and pantry,

[00:18:15.986] 
[music]

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leather buckets for fire prevention,

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 a traveling pitcher to keep the beer

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 within easy reach.

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Useful, necessary items.

[00:18:34.557] 
[music]

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And on the walls, lively engravings

[00:18:44.520] 
 to depict the fads and fancies

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 and foibles of the time.

[00:18:50.300] 
[music]

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At the palace, 
British soldiers and officers

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 attended the governor and his household.

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An officer brought with 
him to the colonies

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those gentlemanly arts befitting his

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 place in society - 

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swordsmanship, 

[00:19:25.300] 
[music]

[00:19:29.680] 
horsemanship, cutting a fine figure.

[00:19:33.680] 
[music]

[00:19:37.720] 
The British gentleman was often an
 outdoorsman

[00:19:40.400] 
 fond of riding and hunting.

[00:19:44.480] 
For such a man

[00:19:45.320] 
North Carolina offered sport in plenty,

[00:19:49.160] 
 but not without hazard.

[00:19:52.440] 
In early times, the colony 
was full of peril,

[00:19:55.680] 
shipwreck, dark forests, 
wild beasts, and Indians.

[00:20:01.640] 
It all started with that 
massacre back in [audio skip].

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Struck right here at New Bern.

[00:20:08.520] 
Slaughtered colonists by the score.

[00:20:10.880] 
Lord man, those bloody Tuscaroras.

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Settlers were positively ripped to shreds,

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disemboweled, burned to cinders.

[00:20:23.440] 
Tragic indeed for Baron DeGraffenreid

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 who brought his 
Swiss and German colonists

[00:20:28.840] 
 to found the settlement 
of New Bern, 1710.

[00:20:33.240] 
The Baron's colony,
sanctioned by Queen Anne,

[00:20:36.000] 
 suffered many deaths and hardships

[00:20:39.200] 
but would become the first permanent
 capital of North Carolina.

[00:20:48.400] 
The kings and queens of England 
ruled the colony in Tryon's day,

[00:20:53.840] 
but revolution was in the air.

[00:20:59.600] 
After it came,
American governors, among them

[00:21:02.520] 
Richard Caswell, Abner Nash,

[00:21:05.800] 
Alexander Martin, and 
Richard Dobbs Spaight,

[00:21:08.600] 
 ruled from the palace 
another twenty years.

[00:21:12.520] 
Tryon's secretary, Isaac Edwards, 
became an ardent patriot.

[00:21:17.800] 
The household furnishings 
mostly came from Europe,

[00:21:22.040] 
reflecting old world

[00:21:23.720] 
taste and workmanship.

[00:21:28.240] 
But many objects were 
Native American in origin.

[00:21:34.080] 
Early American style - plainer, 
simpler, very functional.

[00:21:40.280] 
Children's toys,

[00:21:43.000] 
 a trundle bed.

[00:21:45.840] 
Furnishings that reflect 
the feeling of the frontier,

[00:21:49.480] 
of pioneers who lived at 
the edge of a wilderness.

[00:21:53.757] 
[music]

[00:21:59.200] 
John Hawks of London

[00:22:01.520] 
designed the palace

[00:22:03.800] 
much in the manner of an English estate.

[00:22:06.800] 
 From John Hawks' plans

[00:22:09.360] 
the palace buildings 
are recreated once again

[00:22:13.720] 
and gardens have been designed 
in 18th century English style.

[00:22:18.720] 
[music]

[00:22:22.920] 
On the same site, same scale, 
same foundations,

[00:22:30.720] 
Governor Tryon's palace

[00:22:31.680] 
displays its beauties for all of us today.

[00:22:36.071] 
[music]

[00:22:48.800] 
The palace is a treasure house of 18th
 century art and design.

[00:22:54.160] 
In feeling it resembled London houses,
 not unlike those of Grosvenor Square.

[00:22:58.771] 
[music]

[00:23:05.080] 
In the 18th century,
the taste and elegance

[00:23:07.800] 
 of London, Vienna, Paris,

[00:23:10.360] 
 were reaching out across the world.

[00:23:13.360] 
The beauty of a great age restored 
at Tryon Palace 

[00:23:17.160] 
in all its artistry and brilliance.

[00:23:19.886] 
[music]

[00:24:32.160] 
The palace on the shores 
of the new world,

[00:24:34.920] 
a child's new world,

[00:24:37.600] 
 scene of a governor's struggle,

[00:24:40.440] 
a colony's rebellion, 

[00:24:41.960] 
a place of gracious entertainment,

[00:24:44.960] 
 a family's home.

[00:24:47.480] 
That home destroyed has risen again like the 
phoenix from its ashes.

[00:24:54.240] 
Image of a time long past.

[00:25:02.880] 
Tryon's Palace -

[00:25:02.880] 
projection of the past into the 
present and for the future.

[00:25:07.920] 
To be enjoyed by all the people 
of the state and nation

[00:25:11.880] 
that have grown so great 
since Tryon's day.

[00:25:15.320] 
A house of treasurers,
mirror image of an age.

[00:25:19.120] 
[music]